Product Description

Indications: Lino is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control in adults. It may be used as monotherapy in patients inadequately controlled by diet and exercise, especially when metformin is unsuitable due to intolerance or contraindicated in renal impairment. It can also be used in combination with other antidiabetic agents when additional glycemic control is required.

Pharmacology: Linagliptin is a DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitor that enhances the levels of incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP by preventing their degradation. These hormones increase insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and reduce glucagon release from alpha cells in a glucose-dependent manner, thereby improving blood glucose control without causing significant hypoglycemia.

Dosage & Administration: The recommended dose is 5 mg once daily. It may be taken with or without food at any time of the day. When used with metformin, the existing metformin dose should be continued. If used with sulfonylureas, dose reduction of the sulfonylurea may be considered to minimize the risk of hypoglycemia. No dose adjustment is required in patients with renal impairment.

Interaction: Linagliptin has a low potential for drug interactions. It is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4 but does not significantly affect other CYP enzymes. Clinical studies have shown no meaningful interactions with drugs such as metformin, glyburide, simvastatin, warfarin, digoxin, or oral contraceptives.

Contraindications: Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to linagliptin or any of its components.

Side Effects: Common adverse effects include hypoglycemia (especially when used with other antidiabetic agents), nasopharyngitis, cough, and in rare cases pancreatitis.

Pregnancy & Lactation: Classified as pregnancy category B. There are no adequate studies in pregnant women, so it should be used only if clearly needed. It is not known whether linagliptin is excreted in human breast milk; caution is advised during breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings: Monitor for signs of hypersensitivity reactions. Caution is advised in patients at risk of pancreatitis. When used in combination with insulin or sulfonylureas, there is an increased risk of hypoglycemia.

Therapeutic Class: Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of reach of children.